schneider



Nov. 30 1926. ,609,000

. B. B. SCHNEIDER ART oF coNvERTING HYDROCARBON ons Filed June 12. 1925 2 sheetssheet 1 Nov. so 1926. 1,609,000

B. B. SCHNEIDER ART 0F CONVERTING HYDROGARBON OILS Filed Jun 12. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ZZ Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER, OF WILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR COMPANY, OF WHITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

TO STANDARD OIL ART F CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS.

Application filed June 12, 1925. Serial No. 36,596.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, in Fig. 1, the numeral 5 indicates a pipe still or heating coil to which oil is supplied under pressure through the line 6. In the pipe still 5 the oil is brought at least to conversion temperature of 7 20o F. or higher and preferably to a temperature of 80() to 850O F. The oil is discharged from the pipe coil 5 before extensive conversion thereof has taken place, (e. g., not over the rate of iiow vbeing suoli as to prevent any substantial coke or carbon deposition within the pipes. From the pipe coil 5 the heated oil passes through a line 7 into a chamber' `8, preferablyA lagged or alternatively mildly heated to prevent substantial drop in teinperature. In this chamber' or tank the heated oil is retained at conversion temperatures of 700 to 85()o F. until a substantial further conversion into light products such as gasoline has taken place. From the chamber 8 vapors pass out through a vapor line 9 into a dephlegmating tower 10 of any suitable type. Unconverted oil is withdrawn, preferably continuously, from chamber 8 through pipe 41.

Reflux formed in tower 10 is discharged from the base of the tower to the line 11 and is forced by a surge pump 12 or other suitable device through a line 13 into the line 6 leading into the pipe still 5. The temperaand the provision of reflux therein'are conture of the vapors issuing from the tower 10 g maintained at a superatmospheric pressure lower than that prevailing in the remainder of the system. From the receiver 18 the liquid product may be drawn oli through the line 19 and vapors escape through the line 2() into a pressure gas line 21, which may be connected with a low pressure gas line 22 by a suitable controllable release valve 23. A pressure of 4 'atmospheres or higher, preferably 400 to 500 pounds is maintained upon the system. 6f-

As will be apparent from Fig. 2, in operation, a plurality of units such vas that shown in Fig. 1 are disposed in a battery. In Fig. 2, the various parts of each unit are designated by the same numerals employed in To Fig. 1, those appertaining to successive units being designated in addition by the subscripts a, t, c, etc., respectively.

f As will be noted from Fig. 2, the coil 14a inthe dephlegmating tower 10et of the a unit is supplied with oil through the line 25. The oil, in passing through the coil 14a, exerts the desired cooling efl'ect upon the vapors and is preheated. The preheated oil passes out `through the line 26,'which is 80 provided with a connection 27 leading to the line 61 by which oil is forced, into the pipe heater 51 of the b unit. Similarly, the coil 14b of dephlegmator 10b of the b unit is suplied with oil through the line 28, the preheated oil leaving the coil passing out through the line 29 which is provided with a connection 30 leadingto the line 6c by which oil is suppliedto the pipe heater 5C of the c unit. It will be notedthat the 90 line 29 is kalso provided with a connection 31 by which oil may. be supplied, if desired, from the line 29 to the line 6L leading to the heat-er of the a unit. Flow of oil through the lines 30 and 31 is controlled by valves 95 30a and 31et respectively. Similarly, oil is supplied to the coil'14c in the dephlegmator 10C of the c unit through the line 32, and oil, heated in the Acoil 14c passes therefrom through line 33 which is provided 100 with a connection 34 leading to the charging line of a later unit and also with a valve control connection 35 leading to the charging stock line 6b of the Zi unit. It is to be noted also that the line 26 is connected 105 with a. valve controlled connection 36 leading, in a similar way, to the charging stock line of a unit preceding the a unit (not .phlegmator 10a.

shown). Similarly, the charging stock line 6a of the a unit may receive preheated oil from the coil in the deplilegmator of a preceding unit through the line 37. The lines 26, 29 and 33 are likewise provided with valve controlled connections 38a, 38h and 38C leading to a manifold line 89 for preheated stock, this manifold line beingcoiinected with a lagged or insulated con tainer 40. Connections 39a, 39" and 39c are also provided between line 39 and charging stock lines 6a, 6b and 6*3 of the respective units.

The operation may be described in con'- nection with the a and b units of the battery or installation. In each unit, the supply of charging stock and the control of temperatures in the pipe heaters 5fL and 5b respectivelyv are independent; The necessary proportion of oil or charging stock is forced through the line 25 into the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10a to produce the required cooling and refiuxing action and to permit only the vapors Vof the desired product containing gasoline to leave the de- The oil from the coil 14a, and preheated therein, passes through the line 26 and the liiie 27 to become a part of the charging stock fed into the heater 5b of the b unit. rlhe proportion of oil thus fed yinto the E unit may, if less than the entire quantity of oil passing through the coil 14a,

vbe controlled by the valve` in line the remainder of the oil passing through the line 38a into the manifold 39 and tank 40. lf desired, the line 27 may be completely cut off and theoil coming from the coil 14:a be frced through the line 86 into a preceding unit, or the entire supply of oil may pass through the line 38V into the manifold 39 andthe tank 40, to' be used as required in vthe various .units to which the Aconnections 39a, 39h `and 39z are provided. lSimilarly, the supply of oil tothe line 28 through the coil 14" in the dephlegmator 10b of the .unit is independently controlled, and the oil from this coil passes through the line 29 either into the line 31 leading to the supply line 6a of the/a unit or through the line 30 into the supply line 6 of the .0 unit. A connection 38h is also provided kbetween the line29 and the manifold 39. The operation in this case may be the saine as in connection with the preceding unit. A similar inode of operation is applied in connection with the subsequent units of the installation.

It will be readily apparent from the above description of the operation that there isa complete control ofthe cooling effect in each dephlegmator, and that this control is wholly independent of the requirements of oil ofthe u nit which supplies vaporsto the particular dephlegmator involved.

No claim is made in this application for the apparatus herein described, the same being claimed in my copending application. f

Serial No. 36,597, filed J une 127 1925.

I claim:

1. The method of converting hydrocarbon oils into lower boiling hydrocarbon oils which comprises maintaining separate units, in each of which oil is passed through a heating coil invwhicli it is brought to conversion temperature, the heated oil from said heating1 coil isforced Linto an enlarged chamber in which it is retained at conversion temperature until substantial conversion has taken place, residual converted liquid products are separately discharged 2. The method of converting hydrocarbon oils into p lower boiling hydrocarbon p oils i which comprises maintaining separate units,

in each of which oil is passed through a heating coil in which it is brought to conversion temperature, the heated oil from said heating coill is forced into an enlarged chamber in which it is retained at conver-l sion temperature until 'substantial conversion has taken place, and vapors from the conversion chamber pass to a dephlegmating zone, passing fresh oil through a closed conduit in the dephlegmating zone of one of said units, thereby producing a desired cooling and reiiuxing kaction thereinpdischarging a desired proportion of oil from said conduit into the heating coil of another unit, and discharging the remainder into a reservoir.

3. The method of converting hydrocarbon oils into lower` boiling hydrocarbon `oils which comprises maintaining separate units, in each of which oil'is passed through a heating coil in which it is brought to conversion temperaturen the heated ioil kfrom said heating coil is forced into an enlarged chamber in which it is retained at conversion temperature until substantial conversion has taken place, and vvapors from the conversion chamber pass to a dephlegmating zone, passing fresh oil through a closed con-` conduit into theJ heating coil of aiiotherunit,`

discharging the remainder into a reservoir, andfeeding oil from said reservoir into the heating' coils of selected units.

iio

4. The method of converting hydrocarbon oils into lower boiling hydrocarbon oils which comprises maintaining separate units,

in each of Which oil is passed through a heating coil in which it is brought to con- Version temperature, the heated oil from said heating coil is forced into an enlarged chamber in which it is retained at conversion temperature until substantial conversion has taken piace, and vapors from the conversion chamber pass to a dephlegw mating zone, passing fresh oil through closed conduits in the dephlegmating zones of each of said units, and discharging Voil from each of said conduits into the heating coil of a unit other than that in Which the conduit is arranged.

BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER. 

